الدرس الخامس:تأليف الإستاذ: مبارك بن مخاشن

[عاشق الحور]

الأزمنة
THE TENSES
الزمن المضارع البسيط
THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Express events or situations that exist now, usually, sometimes.
They exist now, existed in the past, and probably will exist in the future.
يستخدم للتعبير عن أحداث أو حالات تحصل دائماً أو بعض الأحيان أو غالبا. تظهر الآن وظهرت في الماضي ومن المحتمل أن تظهر في المستقبل.

القاعدة The rule في حالة الإثبات positive
الفعل الرئيس 1) I, we, they, you + main verb;
2) He, she, it + main verb +s or es, e.g.

1. I go to school everyday.
2. He goes to school everyday.
3. They always visit their relatives.
الكلمات الدالة على هذا الزمن:
Always, often, sometimes, every, usually, never, habitually, seldom. Etc.
والمعنى أنها إذا جاءت إحدى هذه الكلمات في الجملة, فالجملة تكون في هذا الزمن.
أما القاعدة في حالة ألاستفهام interrogative فهي كالتالي:
1.Do +I, we, they, you +main verb
2.Does+ he, she it. + main verb...................?

e.g.:1. Do you visit your friends daily?
2. Does Ali go to school everyday?
والقاعدة في حالة النفي negativeهي:
1) I, we, you, they + do + not + main verb…….
2) He, she, it + does + not + main verb…………e.g.:

1) I Don't visit my friends daily. 2) I never watch bad movies.
3) She doesn't go to school everyday.
لاحظ أن الكلمات مثل every, daily تأتي في نهاية الجملة, أما الكلمات مثل always, often وغيرها تأتي مباشرة بعد الفاعل وقبل الفعل.
يجدر بنا أن نتعرف في هذا الدرس أيضا على
أفعال الكينونة( the verb to be ) التي تأتي مع هذا الزمن وهي:is, are, am
وقاعدتها كالتالي: I+ am +noun or adjective, e.g.: 1)
1) I am a student.
I am a strong man. 1)


2)We, they, you + are + noun or adjective, e.g.:
2) We are strong men. 1)They are students.
3) He, she, it + is+ noun or adjective, e.g.:
1)He is a student.
2) She is a gentle woman.
أما في حالة ألاستفهام interrogative تكون القاعدة كالتالي:
Am, is, or are +subject + noun or adjective, e.g.:

1. Am I a strong man? 2. Are they students?
3.Is she a gentle woman?
أما في حالة النفي negativeتكون القاعدة:
Subject + am, is, or are +not+ noun or adjective, e.g.:

1. I am not a strong man.
2. They are not students.
3. She is not a gentle woman.
Exercise
Put in the correct present tense the verbs in these sentences:
1. I (verb to be, to write) my homework every night
2. They (verb to be) good students.
3. They (to visit, verb to be) the museum daily.
4. He generally (to speak, verb to be) Germany.
5.The earth( revolves, verb to be) around the sun.
Change all the verbs in the present tense:
Newton was a great scientist, he made many scientific experiments. One day he was very busy and forgot to have his breakfast. His servant tried to remind him but he failed. The servant put an egg near Newton's table and asked him to boil it on water, Newton instead of boiling the egg he boiled his watch. The servant came and noticed what Newton did, he laughed and asked him to take his watch out of the water.
Put the following verbs in the simple present tense:
1.I liked chocolate.
2. I wrote an exercise.
3. He washed his face and nick.